This repetition (though useful and, when used in moderation, not unpleasant) is more common with speakers than with writers, and with slovenly speakers than with good speakers.
"The country is in such a condition, that if we delay longer some fair measure of reform, sufficient at least to satisfy the more moderate, and much more, if we refuse all reform whatsoever— I say, if we adopt so unwise a policy, the country is in such a condition that we may precipitate a revolution."
Where the relative is either implied (in a participle) or repeated, the antecedent must often be repeated also. In the following sentence we have the Subject repeated not only in the final summary, but also as the antecedent:—
"But if there were, in any part of the world, a national church regarded as heretical by four-fifths of the nation committed to its care; a church established and maintained by the sword; a church producing twice as many riots as conversions; a church which, though possessing great wealth and power, and though long backed by persecuting laws, had, in the course of many generations, been found unable to propagate its doctrines, and barely able to maintain its ground; a church so odious that fraud and violence, when used against its clear rights of property, were generally regarded as fair play; a church whose ministers were preaching to desolate walls, and with difficulty obtaining their lawful subsistence by the help of bayonets,—such a church, on our principles, could not, we must own, be defended."
39. It is a help to clearness, when the first part of the sentence prepares the way for the middle and the middle for the end, in a kind of ascent. This ascent is called "climax."
In the following there are two climaxes, each of which has three terms:—
"To gossip (a) is a fault (b); to libel (a'), a crime (b'); to slander (a"), a sin (b")."
In the following, there are several climaxes, avid note how they contribute to the clearness of a long sentence:—
"Man, working, has contrived (a) the Atlantic Cable, but I declare that it astonishes (b) me far more to think that for his mere amusement (c), that to entertain a mere idle hour (c'), he has created (a') 'Othello' and 'Lear,' and I am more than astonished, I am awe-struck (b'), at that inexplicable elasticity of his nature which enables him, instead of turning away (d) from calamity and grief (e), or instead of merely defying (d') them, actually to make them the material of his amusement (d"), and to draw from the wildest agonies of the human spirit (e') a pleasure which is ...
C